A child is not disliked by classmates, but also does not receive attention from classmates. This child is BEST described as___________.
controversial
rejected
neglected
average
Question 2
1 / 1 pts
A child spends time with two other friends who are the same sex and have similar attitudes and interests. This group of friends would most accurately be described as a____________.
group
crowd
gang
clique
IncorrectQuestion 3
0 / 1 pts
A child watches a sibling get punished by their parents for not cleaning their room. Consequently, this child learns to always keep a clean room. Which term BEST describes this scenario?
A negative reinforcement trap
Counter imitation
Indulgent parenting
Direct instruction
Question 4
1 / 1 pts
A couple is expecting a child. They have very high expectations for this child and will be more affectionate, but also more punitive, toward this child than they will toward any other. This is most likely this couple’s ____ baby.
first
second
third
fourth
Question 5
1 / 1 pts
A parent puts a child in “time out” every time they use a swear word. For this reason, the child rarely swears anymore. The time out strategy is considered to be ________________.
counter imitation
reinforcement
punishment
a negative reinforcement trap
Question 6
1 / 1 pts
According to the systems view of families, which factors influence a child’s development?
Parents, extended family, and other sources of heritability
Only environmental factors the child contacts, such as neighborhoods and schools
Only the environmental factors the parent contacts, such as work
Many external factors, including neighborhood, schools, work, religious organizations, and extended family
Question 7
1 / 1 pts
An 8-year-old who is very upset is most likely to seek support from_________________.
their teacher
their close friends
their mother
a police officer
Question 8
1 / 1 pts
Anjali’s parents are divorced. Anjali spends weekends with one parent and the rest of the week with the other parent. In legal terms, this arrangement is known as___________.
an indifferent parenting style
direct instruction
a blended family
joint custody
IncorrectQuestion 9
0 / 1 pts
As people age, they tend to describe other people using more _________.
general information
personality traits
possessions
concrete features
Question 10
1 / 1 pts
Authorities will sometimes find children in poor health due to the fact that their parents have not fed them or provided adequate medical care. These children are most accurately labeled as having experienced ___________.
physical abuse
neglect
psychological abuse
negative reinforcement abuse
Question 11
1 / 1 pts
Casey is a constant target for bullies. What is one way research suggests to decrease the likelihood that Casey will continue to be bullied?
Try to externalize the fear experienced while being bullied.
Increasing hostile aggressiveness toward others.
Encouraging all children in the classroom to stand up for each other.
Have the teacher ignore what is going on.
Question 12
1 / 1 pts
Children of parents who use a permissive parenting style are most likely to _______________.
earn high grades in school
have lower self-esteem
be self-reliant
have control over his behavior
Question 13
1 / 1 pts
Children who play video games such as Tetris and Star Fox frequently improve their ___________.
vocabularies
spatial skills
short-term memories
leadership skills
Question 14
1 / 1 pts
Children whose friends are all members of the opposite sex are more likely to be well-adjusted than children whose friends are all members of the same sex.
True
False
Question 15
1 / 1 pts
Clive says that Enrique is his best friend because “We like to play with each other, and Enrique always lets me use the soccer ball.” It is most likely that Clive is ____ years old.
2
5
12
16
Question 16
1 / 1 pts
Compared to their older siblings, the third child born in a family should expect that their parents will ____ .
use stiffer disciplinary methods
set higher academic goals
be more affectionate
be more relaxed in their discipline
Question 17
1 / 1 pts
Crowd is to clique as _____ is to _____.
group; subset
friend; rival
black; white
attitude; behavior
Question 18
1 / 1 pts
Divorce is more difficult for adolescent children than for preschool children.
True
False
Question 19
1 / 1 pts
Five-year-old Badia’s parents are not taking care of medical needs. Badia is experiencing__________________.
physical abuse
psychological abuse
neglect
hostile aggression
Question 20
1 / 1 pts
Friendship involves mutual and voluntary liking.
True
False
Question 21
1 / 1 pts
A 45-year-old individual is worried about how the election of the new president will impact their current job status. This is an example of the combination of ____________.
individual timing of life events in relation to external historical events
the synchronization of individual transitions with collective familial ones
the impact of earlier life events on current conditions
history and maturation determining the outcome of life
Question 22
1 / 1 pts
A child’s grandparents always buy new toys when the child visits. As a result, the child frequently requests to visit their grandparents. This is an example of ____________.
reinforcement
extinction
punishment
psychoanalysis
Question 23
1 / 1 pts
A daycare, groups the children into categories called “pre-K,” “K-3,” and the “upper-elementary.” These ideas are most compatible with a ____ view.
context-specificity
hereditary
continuity
discontinuity
Question 24
1 / 1 pts
A family is moving to a new city in a different part of the country. Their four-year-old child is very happy and makes the transition easily, whereas their 12-year-old child is unhappy and has a very difficult time adjusting to the move. Which set of factors best explains the different responses of the children?
biological factors
sociocultural factors
personality factors
life-cycle factors
Question 25
1 / 1 pts
A new employee is having a difficult time adjusting to their new job because they lack the skills needed to meet the demands of their boss. This predicament would probably best be explained by
psychosocial theory
Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory
the competence-environmental press theory
Kohlberg’s theory of moral development
Question 26
1 / 1 pts
A person who says, “The only way to explain the problems of adolescents is to study them in relation to their parents and the culture that surrounds them.” is most likely a proponent of ____ theory.
psychodynamic
cognitive developmental
ecological
social cognitive
Question 27
1 / 1 pts
A professor always makes a point of learning the names of all the students in their class. Normally they are able to do this in their head, but has recently found that they need note cards to help remember. This change in behavior is best described as __________.
loss-based selection
elective selection
compensation
the epigenetic principle
Question 28
1 / 1 pts
A research article concludes that the higher a student’s self-esteem, the worse that student performs in school. This sort of relationship would best be characterized as ___________.
a negative correlation
no relationship
positive correlation
cause and effect
Question 29
1 / 1 pts
A researcher has a hypothesis that hostility toward women is increased by viewing pornography. If the researcher does an experiment to test this, what would be the independent variable?
scores on a “hostility toward women” scale
being placed in a control group
the viewing of pornography
the sex of the subjects
Question 30
1 / 1 pts
A researcher is assessing differences in extroversion by testing 9-, 19-, 39-, and 59-year-old subjects at the same time. This is an example of a(n) ____study.
sequential
longitudinal
experimental
cross-sectional
Question 31
1 / 1 pts
Adem is doing a study in which lacrosse players are interviewed about their role on the team and perceived capabilities for playing in Saturday’s game. Adem is assessing the players’ ______________.
life-cycle forces
exosystems
internal maturational plans
self-efficacy
Question 32
1 / 1 pts
After completing their study, researchers send a copy of their findings to a scientific journal in hopes of having it published. This reflects which step of the research process?
developing hypotheses
analyzing the data
communicating research results
applying the results of research
Question 33
1 / 1 pts
Alberto has been practicing for months and believes he can successfully ski down a steep mountain. In regards to his skiing, Alberto most likely has ______________.
reached formal operations
high self-efficacy
resolved the industry vs. inferiority stage
been negatively reinforced
Question 34
1 / 1 pts
An advantage of cross-sectional studies is that they cannot be influenced by cohort effects.
True
False
Question 35
1 / 1 pts
An effective punishment _________________.
causes some physical pain or psychological harm
increases the likelihood that behavior will occur in the future
reduces the likelihood that a behavior will occur in the future
eventually becomes ineffective at changing behavior
Question 36
1 / 1 pts
An experiment is designed to determine whether taking vitamin A before attending a social event improves self-esteem. What is the dependent variable?
vitamin A
the social event
the level of self-esteem
the age of the participants
Question 37
1 / 1 pts
Aoife received a salary increase and is now able to move into a nicer home with their children. Bronfenbrenner would state that the increase in the Aoife’s salary impacted the children’s _____________.
exosystem
mesosystem
macrosystem
microsystem
Question 38
1 / 1 pts
As a result of reading several research articles on the long-term effects of daycare, a state legislature passes a new law mandating that all daycare providers modify their practices to be in concordance with this research. This action reflects _____________.
how research can affect social policy
the benefits of doing meta-analytic research
the importance of longitudinal studies
why correlational research is superior in some ways to experimental research
Question 39
1 / 1 pts
Because they completed their history assignment, Ramie is excused from having to wash the dishes, a task Ramie detests. Ramie’s parents are using which strategy to increase Ramie’s studying?
positive reinforcement
punishment
extinction
negative reinforcement
Question 40
1 / 1 pts
Catarina is most interested in studying adolescent friendship behaviors occurring at a high school prom. Which method is most likely to help Catarina accomplish this goal?
structured observation
naturalistic observation
self-report
experiment
Question 41
1 / 1 pts
A developing human that is traveling from a fallopian tube to the uterus would most accurately be described as a(n) ______.
embryo
fetus
zygote
amnion
Question 42
1 / 1 pts
A physician has just informed Moesha, who is pregnant, that the human organism developing inside of her has just begun to show differentiation of its cells. This organism is technically called a(n) __________.
embryo
zygote
fetus
neonate
Question 43
1 / 1 pts
Bryant has unusual facial features (e.g., short nose and wide-set eyes) and shows signs of intellectual disability. Based on these characteristics, Bryant’s mom most likely used ____ while she was pregnant.
alcohol
heroin
marijuana
caffeine
Question 44
1 / 1 pts
By the time Yanelly arrived at the hospital to deliver her child, the child had entered the vaginal opening. This means that Yanelly was in which stage of labor?
first
second
third
fourth
IncorrectQuestion 45
0 / 1 pts
Cephalocaudal development proceeds from your extremities toward your body.
True
False
Question 46
1 / 1 pts
Common symptoms of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) include facial deformities, deafness, and intellectual disability.
True
False
Question 47
1 / 1 pts
Damage from teratogens is sometimes not evident until later in life.
True
False
Question 48
1 / 1 pts
Dr. Swift tells Iolana that her developing embryo is showing distortions in the development of its circulatory system. As a knowledgeable student of human development, Iolana should realize that the problem is within cells of the ____ layer.
placenta
mesoderm
ectoderm
endoderm
Question 49
1 / 1 pts
During prenatal development, the arm develops before the fingers. This best illustrates the ____ principle.
Premack
coefficient
cephalocaudal
proximodistal
Question 50
1 / 1 pts
During which stage are body parts and organs first put into place?
The neonate stage
The zygote stage
The fetus stage
The embryo stage
Question 51
1 / 1 pts
Dylan and Jill are twins. Because he is a boy, Dylan’s parents encourage him to run. However, they discourage Jill from engaging in athletic activity. As a result, Dylan is much faster at running than Jill. The difference in Dylan and Jill’s behavior is best explained by _____________.
nonshared environmental influences
active gene-environment relations
polygenetic effects
niche-picking
Question 52
1 / 1 pts
Ectoderm is to endoderm as _____________.
heterozygous is to homozygous
fraternal is to identical
outer is to inner
bone is to muscle.
Question 53
1 / 1 pts
From which layer of cells does the hair and the nervous system develop during the embryonic period?
mesoderm
endoderm
placenta
ectoderm
IncorrectQuestion 54
0 / 1 pts
Genotype is to phenotype as _______________.
homozygous is to heterozygous
nurture is to nature
DNA is to deoxyribonucleic acid
chromosome pattern is to physical, behavioral, and psychological features
Question 55
1 / 1 pts
Halley is 40 years old and she and her daughter Clara, 20, are both currently pregnant. Which statement with regard to these two mothers is most accurate?
Clara has a greater risk of giving birth to a baby with sickle-cell anemia.
Halley is twice as fertile as Clara.
Clara’s odds of having a baby with Down syndrome are three times higher than Halley’s.
Halley has a greater risk of having a miscarriage.
Question 56
1 / 1 pts
How many of the following are potential teratogens: aspirin, nicotine, cocaine, and caffeine?
one
two
three
four
Question 57
1 / 1 pts
A 12 month old who can stand upright and take a few steps is considered to be a ______.
neonate
infant
toddler
preschooler
Question 58
1 / 1 pts
A baby is awake and squirming around, oblivious to anything happening around them. This baby is most likely in the ________ state.
alert inactivity
crying
waking activity
REM
Question 59
1 / 1 pts
A child with high effortful control is able to maintain focus and is less distractible.
True
False
Question 60
1 / 1 pts
A five-day-old baby has their eyes closed and a breathing pattern that alternates between regularity and irregularity. This indicates that the baby is currently in the ________ state.
alert inactivity
waking activity
crying
sleeping
Question 61
1 / 1 pts
A judgment of depth using motion parallax relies heavily on the ____ of an object.
color
speed
size
shape
Question 62
1 / 1 pts
A mad cry is a more intense version of a basic cry.
True
False
Question 63
1 / 1 pts
A researcher is studying how blood flows through the brain when people listen to different kinds of music. Which sort of research tool is the researcher most likely using in the study?
electroencephalography
positron emission tomography
functional magnetic resonance imaging
synaptic pruning
IncorrectQuestion 64
0 / 1 pts
A symptom of Autism Spectrum Disorder that limits the ability to make connections between people’s thoughts, intentions, and behaviors is called ____________.
mind blindness
temper blindness
color blindness
inattentional blindness
Question 65
1 / 1 pts
A test that assesses the point at which an infant can no longer differentiate between a striped-patterned stimulus and a gray square is measuring __________.
depth perception
retinal disparity
visual acuity
pitch perception
Question 66
1 / 1 pts
A two-month-old baby is lying quietly with their eyes wide open and appears very interested in a toy dangling in front of them. The baby is exhibiting ________.
alert inactivity
crying
waking activity
non-REM sleep
Question 67
1 / 1 pts
A typical 4 month old will grasp a rattle with __________.
their fingers and thumb
their thumb only
their fingers only
one finger from each hand
Question 68
1 / 1 pts
A visual cliff is designed to assess _______________.
gross-motor skills.
rapid eye movement.
cone development.
depth perception.
Question 69
1 / 1 pts
About how long do typical newborn babies sleep?
8-10 hours a day
16-18 hours a day
12-14 hours a day
20-22 hours a day
Question 70
1 / 1 pts
About how old will an infant be when it can perceive the same colors adults perceive?
2 weeks old
4 months old
1 year old
6 years old
Question 71
1 / 1 pts
According to dynamic systems theory, once motor skills are originally organized, they do not change.
True
False
Question 72
1 / 1 pts
Along with an improved diet, which of the following can help improve development in children who are malnourished?
surgery
parent training
behavior modification
medication
Question 73
1 / 1 pts
An infant is placed on a large piece of glass with a checkerboard-patterned platform underneath it. Their mother walks to the other side of this platform and calls for them to crawl over This experiment to tests the infant’s ________.
visual acuity
ability to recognize your mother
motor development
depth perception
Question 74
1 / 1 pts
A child has a scheme for drawing with a crayon. In order learn how to paint a picture with a brush, the scheme must change. This is an example of __________.
animism
egocentrism
assimilation
accommodation
Question 75
1 / 1 pts
A child is eating ice cream when suddenly, someone turns off the lights in the room. The child says “When the lights went out, the ice cream turned black, and I don’t like black ice cream!” In which stage of development is this child most likely in?
concrete operational
formal operational
sensorimotor
preoperational
Question 76
1 / 1 pts
A child sees two glasses of juice: one is tall and slim and the other is short and wide. When asked which glass has more juice, the child points to the taller glass. This demonstrates that the child has not yet developed _______________.
animism
centration
intonation
reflexes
Question 77
1 / 1 pts
A child using the one-to-one principle to count would always begin counting starting with the number one.
True
False
Question 78
1 / 1 pts
A child who grows up being exposed to more than one language will ________________.
achieve milestones only in the dominant language spoken at school
achieve milestones only in the dominant language spoken at home
pass through the same milestones as monolingual children more slowly
pass through the same milestones as monolingual children more quickly
Question 79
1 / 1 pts
A child who waves “bye-bye” when leaving a room is demonstrating __________.
the use of symbols
a primary circular reaction
the development of reflexes
a secondary circular reaction
Question 80
1 / 1 pts
A coach is trying to implement a scaffolding style into his teaching of tennis to Cho, who is having difficulty, and to Sun-Young, who is doing very well. To do this, the coach must
be sure to praise both students for their effort, not for their successes.
discourage private speech in both students.
give Cho more assistance and give Sun-Young less assistance.
promote cooperation rather than competition between the two students.
Question 81
1 / 1 pts
A commitment to a teleological explanation means believing that all living things exist for a purpose.
True
False
Question 82
1 / 1 pts
A good way to improve the eyewitness testimony of children is to minimize the use of specific questions.
True
False
Question 83
1 / 1 pts
A grammatical morpheme is a word or word ending that makes a sentence grammatically _________.
correct
overextended
underextended
overregularized
Question 84
1 / 1 pts
A memory for some significant life event is called a(n) ____ memory.
autobiographical
general knowledge
intonation
semantic
Question 85
1 / 1 pts
A teacher is attempting to determine the zone of proximal development for a student working on complex problems. In order to do so, the teacher should measure the student’s personal performance on the problem and _____________.
their performance on several other types of tasks.
their performance when assisted by a skilled helper
their peers’ performance on the same problem
how well they performed on the same problem earlier in his life
Question 86
1 / 1 pts
According to Piaget, active experimentation with the environment is most likely to first emerge in a child who is _____________.
24 hours old
24 days old
12 months old
24 months old
Question 87
1 / 1 pts
According to Piaget, at which stage of cognitive development are most 18-month olds?
formal operational
sensorimotor
concrete operational
preoperational
Question 88
1 / 1 pts
According to Piaget, the highest accomplishment of the sensorimotor period of development is _____________.
exercising reflexes
egocentrism
using symbols
experimentation
Question 89
1 / 1 pts
According to Piaget, the process by which new experiences are easily incorporated into existing schemes is called ___________.
accommodation
scaffolding
assimilation
secondary
Question 90
1 / 1 pts
According to Piaget, which normally developing child would most likely have just begun to engage in preoperational thinking?
A 12-month-old
A 24-month-old
A 36-month-old
A 48-month-old
Question 91
1 / 1 pts
According to Vygotsky, what type of speech is another term for thought?
private
inner
telegraphic
tertiary
Question 92
1 / 1 pts
A 7-year-old boy who fidgets and pesters the students sitting next to him is demonstrating low ________.
emotional sensitivity
relational aggression
spatial ability
effortful control
Question 93
1 / 1 pts
A baby who is left by a parent and becomes upset and is unable to be comforted upon the return of the parent is most likely exhibiting a(n) ________ attachment.
secure
avoidant
resistant
disoriented
Question 94
1 / 1 pts
A child experiences the sadness of a friend after their dog runs away. This child is exhibiting ________.
empathy
altruism
cooperative behavior
sympathy
Question 95
1 / 1 pts
A child is playing a competitive game with others and attempts to win by saying, “If you try to do well, I will smack you!” What term best describes this statement?
Parallel play
Social referencing
Constricting action
Enabling action
Question 96
1 / 1 pts
A child that knows that they are a certain gender whether they play with girls toys or boys toys is demonstrating that they ________.
are trying to engage in prosocial behavior
hold strong gender stereotypes
are still developing gender identity
understand that gender roles are flexible
Question 97
1 / 1 pts
A couple has a young daughter and a young son. As typical parents, they most likely treat their children the same except when it comes to ________.
doing well in school
showing them affection
rough-and-tumble play
encouraging them to be independent
Question 98
1 / 1 pts
A gender-schema theorist would be most likely to argue that young children are ________.
born with a basic gender identity
uninfluenced by environmental experiences
constantly looking for cues about gender
uninterested in gender
Question 99
1 / 1 pts
Agnes is a preschooler who has an imaginary friend. According to recent research, it is most likely that Agnes ________.
is insecurely attached
has not received enough praise
is not well liked by peers
is a typical preschooler
Question 100
1 / 1 pts
Although equally capable of parenting, ________ tend to spend more time engaging in play with their children and become less skillful at other aspects of parenting.
mothers
teachers
fathers
grandparents
Quiz Score: 95 out of 100
